Menopause is a natural and significant biological process in a woman’s life that marks the end of her reproductive years, typically occurring between the ages of 45 and 55. However, it can happen earlier or later for some women.
As women transition through menopause, they may experience a wide range of menopausal symptoms due to the reduction in hormone levels, particularly estrogen and progesterone.
Some women may go through menopause with very mild symptoms, while others might face more severe symptoms that can affect their daily routines and overall quality of life. Common symptoms of menopause include hot flashes, night sweats, sleep disturbances, weight gain, reduced interest in or pain during intercourse, and urinary incontinence.
These symptoms, while challenging, can be managed with lifestyle changes, medical treatments, and support from healthcare professionals. It is essential for women to have open and honest discussions with their doctors to find the best strategies for managing menopausal symptoms and maintaining a good quality of life during this transition.
Reasons for taking HRT
Hormone replacement therapy (HRT) is a treatment option for women experiencing disruptive menopausal symptoms. Oestrogen-only HRT is typically recommended for women who have had their uterus removed and is available in various forms, such as pills, patches, creams, or sprays.
For menopausal women with an intact uterus, combined oestrogen-progesterone therapy is usually recommended to relieve menopausal symptoms. The addition of progestogens helps reduce the risk of uterine cancer. Combined HRT can be administered as combination tablets, separate oestrogen and progestogen tablets, patches, or oestrogen therapy with an intrauterine progestin.
Women have the choice to decide whether to start HRT and when to initiate treatment, regardless of the severity of their symptoms or whether their periods have stopped. Your doctor will provide detailed information about the benefits and potential risks of HRT, helping you make an informed decision.
For those experiencing early or premature menopause, that is before ages 40 or 45, respectively, considering HRT or the combined pill is particularly important. These treatments raise estrogen levels, which can help protect against conditions like osteoporosis. Generally, it is recommended to continue HRT until at least the age of 51.
Benefits vs side effects of HRT
Menopausal symptoms such as hot flashes and night sweats can be mentally and physically draining for some, if not most. HRT helps mitigate these effects by acting as an external source of hormones to relieve these symptoms, thus improving the quality of life for the women affected.
The side effects of HRT vary from patient to patient, ranging from none or mild to severe side effects. The side effects also depend on the type of HRT being used. Common side effects associated with HRT include headaches, breast pain, fluid retention, vaginal spotting or bleeding, and mood changes.
HRT’s suitability
HRT is contraindicated in women with past or current history of breast or endometrial cancer, blood clots (especially in the lungs, eyes, deep veins), heart attack, stroke, liver disease, and women who are pregnant.
Make an appointment at Gleneagles Hospitals
If you have questions about hormone replacement therapy, get in touch with us to book an appointment today for a consultation, or visit our Obstetrics and Gynaecology Department at your nearest Gleneagles Hospital.
